Gastroenterology

Basic Science

• Anatomy/Physiology
  • Oesophagus
  • Stomach
  • Small bowel
  • Large bowel
  • Liver
  • Rectum and Anal Canal
  • Pancreas
  • Gall Bladder
  • Gastrointestinal hormones

Core Clinical Problems/Presenting Problems

• Dysphagia
• Dyspepsia
• Nausea and Vomiting
• GI bleeding
  • Haematemesis
  • Malaena
  • PR Bleeding
• Jaundice
• Weight loss
• Weight gain
• Reduced appetite
• Change in bowel habit
  • Constipation
  • Diarrhoea (Acute/Chronic)
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Mass/Distention
• Anal Pain/Discomfort
• Incontinence
• Groin Lumps
• Unexplained Anaemia
• Unexplained Abnormal LFTs
  • Causes of raised bilirubin

Clinical Skills

• Abdominal History and Examination
  • PR Examination
• NG tube insertion
• Ascitic tap

Conditions

• Biliary
  • Cholecystitis
  • Cholelithiasis
  • Cholangitis
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
  • Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
• Colon
  • Colitis
    • Acute colitis and toxic megacolon
    • Clostridium difficile
    • Cytomegalovirus
  • Bacterial gastroenteritis
  • Viral gastroenteritis
  • Colon cancer
  • Polyps and polyposis (including hereditary disease)
    • Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
  • Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis
  • Appendicitis
  • Hirschsprung’s disease
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
    • Ulcerative colitis
    • Crohn’s disease
  • Large bowel obstruction
    • Volvulus
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
• Oesophagus
  • Functional/Motility disorders
    • Achalasia, nutcracker oesophagus and others
    • Oesophageal spasm
  • Oesophagitis
    • Alcohol; candida; CMV; irritants; reflux
  • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
  • Barrett’s oesophagus
  • Oesophageal cancer and tumours (including lymphoma)
  • Oesophageal webs and rings
  • Pharyngeal pouch
  • Tracheooesophageal fistula
  • Hiatus hernia
  • Mallory weiss tears
  • Oesophageal varices
  • Oesophageal perforation
• Small bowel
  • Coeliac disease
  • Mesenteric ischaemia (acute and chronic)
  • Hernias
    • Femoral
    • Inguinal
    • Abdominal wall/umbilical
    • Scrotal
  • Ileus
  • Tumours and cancer of the small bowel
  • Motility disorders
  • Small bowel obstruction
  • Meckel’s diverticulum
  • Intussusception
  • Mesenteric adenitis
  • Whipple’s disease
  • Gastroenteritis
    • Bacterial
    • Viral
  • Small bowel perforation
• Liver
  • Acute liver failure
    • Alcoholic hepatitis
    • Paracetamol toxicity
  • Liver abscess and cysts
  • Budd-chiari syndrome
  • Liver cirrhosis and chronic liver disease
    • Hepatic encephalopathy
  • Non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/Non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH)
  • Viral Hepatitis
    • Hepatitis A, E and D
    • Hepatitis B
    • Hepatitis C
  • Autoimmune hepatitis
  • Hepatic cancer, tumours and metastases
  • Hepatorenal syndrome
  • Portal hypertension
  • Gilbert’s Syndrome
  • Crigler Najjar Syndrome
• Pancreas
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Zollinger Ellison syndrome
  • Pancreatic abscess
  • Necrosis of the pancreas
• Stomach
  • Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Peptic Ulcer disease
  • Menetrier’s Disease
  • Dieulafoy’s lesion
  • Acute gastritis
  • Atrophic gastritis
  • Chronic gastritis
  • Tumours and cancer of the stomach
  • Outlet obstruction (including pyloric stenosis)
• Systemic/Other
  • Haemachromatosis
  • Wilson’s disease
  • Peutz Jegher syndrome
  • Bacterial peritonitis and abdominal sepsis
  • Abdominal abscesses/collections
• Anorectal
  • Fistulae
  • Pilonidal sinus
  • Abscess
  • Prolapse
  • Fissures
  • Haemorrhoids
• Psychiatry
  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Anorexia nervosa

Management

• Liver transplant principles
• Bariatric surgery

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